The cause of the variation in results is being stated by Lord Krishna that from sattva guna or mode of goodness arises liminousity the results of which are knowledge and happiness. From raja guna or the mode of passion arises desires the results which are greed and suffering. From tama guna or the mode of ignorance comes illusion in the form of madness and delusion.

What Lord Krishna is stating about those situated in sattva guna or the mode of goodness increase their wisdom to fruition then atma tattva or realisation of the immortal soul becomes a reality. When raja guna or the mode of passion increases in intensity more and more avid appetites are incited to enjoy the fruits of. Similarly when tama guna or the mode of ignorance increases it manifests as perverted understanding and the proclivity to be influenced by wickedness from which more and more tama is begotten. Thus all developement of intelligence is blocked and neutralised.

Lord Krishna is explaining that concerning the gunas or the three modes of material nature the variations in the results is attributed originally within the respective charcterisitics of each quality. The results from sattva guna or mode of goodness is knowledge which has understanding that is illuminated and from that gives great happiness. The results from raja guna or mode of passion is unabated desires which incites incessant greed for wealth and constant hankering for sense gratificationfrom form which comes pain by the endeavor and suffering from the loss. The results from tama guna or the mode of ignorance is nescience and inertia which gives delusion and forces one to be in the darkness of illusion.