Chapter 18Final Revelations of the Ultimate TruthVerse 51 , 52 , 53

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Anvaya

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Commentaries of the Four Authorized Vaisnava Sampradayas

as confirmed in the Garga Samhita Canto 10, Chapter 61, Verses 23, 24, 25, 26
Rudra Vaisnava Sampradaya:


Visnuswami

Sridhara Swami's Commentary

Endued with purified intelligence of a nature secured in sattva guna or mode of goodness, tenacious control of the mind insuring that one's purified intelligence is constant and steady. Relinquishing all desires for sense objects and abandoning the ever fickle dualities of likes and dislikes such a one is qualified to realise the brahman or spiritual substratum pervading all existence. Such an aspirant will sequester themselves in a pure, remote location such as forest or mountain. Restraining speech, the impulses of the mind and the impetus of the body, always devoted to the practice of yoga or facilitating communion with the Supreme Lord which comes from reflection, contemplation and meditation upon the Supreme Lord Krishna constantly striving in this endeavour with firm dispassion so that it remains constant and unbroken. Rejecting the egoism of the delusion that one is the doer and controller which gives the illusion that one is free from worldly attachment. Rejecting all things superfluous which are inclined to lead one away from spiritual pursuits. Rejection of objects of the senses and the desire to enjoy them even if they appear unsolicited. Thus one who has steadfastly arrived at this state has become totally tranquil and serene having achieved supreme peace and such a one is qualified to realise the brahman.

Brahma Vaisnava Sampradaya:


Madhvacarya

Madhvacarya's Commentary

Lord Krishna is stating that by imbibing and actualising these attributes one assumes the nature of brahman the spiritual substratum pervading all existence.

Sri Vaisnava Sampradaya:


Ramanuja

Ramanuja's Commentary

Buddhi is spiritual intelligence the consciousness which exclusively focuses on the atma. Manas refers to the mind, senses and body which acting in such a way discourages desires for sense gratification and encourages reflection on the Supreme Lord. Vairagyam-samipasritah means renouncing the objects which the senses hanker for and indifference to mundane pursuits. It is while chasing such pursuits that occasionally friendship or enmity transpires so ceasing from these pursuits would free one from raga-dvesau attraction and repulsion. Vivikta-sevi is seeking solitude in remote places aloof from disturbances to meditation. Moderation in eating and sleeping. Dhyana- yoga means internally performing continuous bhakti or exclusive loving devotional service unto the Supreme Lord Krishna or any of His avatars or incarnations and expansions as authorised in Vedic scriptures. Gradually increasing aversion towards anything that is not connected to the atma or immortal soul and the Supreme Lord. Ahankaram is egoistic conceptions that considers the body to be all in all and cannot discern that they are not their physical body. Balam is lust for power, darpan is vain conceit which is derived from it and nirmanam is the notion one possesses what is not one's own. Santah is tranquillity peacefulness, the serenity of bliss acquired by constant reflection and meditation upon the Supreme Lord qualifies one to achieve realisation of the brahman or spiritual substratum pervading all existence and and achieving moksa or liberation from material existence attains atma tattva or soul realisation and enters into the bliss of communion with the Supreme Lord.

Kumara Vaisnava Sampradaya:


Nimbaditya

Kesava Kasmiri's Commentary

Lord Krishna explains that one endowed with spiritually purified intelligence is naturally predominated with sattva guna the mode of goodness. The classification of higher and lower living entities is determined by the degree in which the mind is controlled and the senses are restrained. The mind is controlled by not indulging in positive or negative thoughts and illusory conceptions and the control of the senses is neutrality towards them without aversion or attraction towards their objects. By living in pure and remote place, exercising a light, vegetarian diet, moderation of speech, mind and body, three times daily meditating on the spiritual master and the Supreme Lord morning, noon and evening in full dispassion, completely eradicating all egoism and conceptions that one is the physical body. Lack of craving bodily sense gratification and soliciting pleasure of the senses, absence of amassing excessive possessions and freedom from mental disturbances bestows the tranquillity and peace of mind to qualify an aspirant to realise the brahman or spiritual substratum pervading al existence which is transcendental to material nature and situated on the spiritual platform is pure and impeccable without any defect or blemish.

Thus ends commentaries of chapter 18, verse 51 , 52 , 53 of the Srimad Bhagavad-Gita.

Verse 51 , 52 , 53


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